What is the main purpose of a base coat in nail polishing?

The main purpose of a base coat in nail polishing is to create a smooth surface and prevent staining. A base coat serves as a foundation for nail polish, helping to fill in any ridges or imperfections on the nail's surface, which results in a more even and polished appearance of the color that will be applied on top. Additionally, base coats are formulated with ingredients that protect the natural nail from potential staining caused by colored nail polishes, especially if they contain strong pigments. This protective barrier is crucial for maintaining the health and appearance of the natural nails.

While a base coat can enhance the overall look of the nail polish by contributing to a more vibrant finish, its primary function is not to make the polish look brighter or to add color. Although some might think it speeds up the drying process, that is typically the role of other products or top coats designed for quick drying. Thus, the base coat's primary function is centered on protection and providing a smooth application surface.